What if there is a dispute over whether contributions in equipment or technology were actually made?
Non-monetary contributions must be appraised and verified and must not be overstated or understated. A common dispute is that the actual value of the equipment or technology is materially lower than the subscribed contribution. The contribution may then be treated as not fully made and required to be made up (Article 47 requires subscribed capital to be paid within five years). Where the shares were transferred, Article 88 may make transferor and transferee liable.
